Umnotho we-bioeconomy waseYurophu unamandla, ngenzuzo yonyaka engama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-780 embonini ye-bio-based

1. Isimo somnotho we-EU

Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha ye-Eurostat ka-2018 kukhombisa ukuthi ku-EU27 + UK, inzuzo iyonke yomnotho wezinto eziphilayo, okuhlanganisa imikhakha eyinhloko njengokudla, iziphuzo, ezolimo kanye namahlathi, yayingaphezu nje kwe-€2.4 trillion, uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhula konyaka kuka-2008 okungaba ngu-25%.

Umkhakha wokudla neziphuzo uthatha cishe ingxenye yemali engenayo iyonke yomnotho wezinto eziphilayo, kuyilapho izimboni ezisekelwe ezintweni eziphilayo ezihlanganisa amakhemikhali nepulasitiki, imithi, imikhiqizo yamaphepha nephepha, imikhiqizo yamahlathi, izindwangu, uphethiloli wezinto eziphilayo kanye namandla ezinto eziphilayo zithatha cishe amaphesenti angama-30. Enye imali engenayo ecishe ibe ngu-20% ivela emkhakheni oyinhloko wezolimo namahlathi.

2. Isimo se-EUokusekelwe ku-bioumnotho

Ngo-2018, imboni ye-EU esekwe ku-biobased yaba noshintsho lwama-euro ayizigidigidi ezingama-776, lusuka kuma-euro ayizigidigidi ezingama-600 ngo-2008. Phakathi kwazo, imikhiqizo yephepha-iphepha (23%) kanye nefenisha yemikhiqizo yokhuni (27%) yaba yingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke, enama-euro ayizigidigidi ezingama-387; amafutha e-bio kanye namandla e-bio kwaba cishe u-15%, enama-euro ayizigidigidi ezingama-114; amakhemikhali kanye nepulasitiki esekwe ku-bio kwaba noshintsho lwama-euro ayizigidigidi ezingama-54 (7%).

Ukwanda kwenzuzo emkhakheni wamakhemikhali kanye nepulasitiki kukhuphuke ngo-68%, kusukela ku-EUR 32 billion kuya cishe ku-EUR 54 billion;

Inzuzo embonini yezemithi ikhuphuke ngo-42%, kusukela kuma-euro ayizigidigidi eziyi-100 kuya kuma-euro ayizigidigidi eziyi-142;

Okunye ukukhula okuncane, njengemboni yephepha, kukhuphule inzuzo ngo-10.5%, kusukela kuma-euro ayizigidigidi eziyi-161 kuya kuma-euro ayizigidigidi eziyi-178;

Noma intuthuko ezinzile, njengemboni yezindwangu, inzuzo ikhuphuke ngo-1% kuphela, isuka kuma-euro ayizigidigidi ezingama-78 yaya kuma-euro ayizigidigidi ezingama-79.

3. Izinguquko emisebenzini e-EUumnotho osekelwe kubhayoloji

Ngo-2018, inani labantu abaqashwe ngokuphelele ku-bioeconomy ye-EU lifinyelele ku-18.4 million. Kodwa-ke, esikhathini sika-2008-2018, ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuba emisebenzi kuyo yonke i-bioeconomy ye-EU uma kuqhathaniswa nenani eliphelele lokushintshana kwabonisa ukwehla kwamathuba emisebenzi ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ukwehla kwamathuba emisebenzi kulo lonke i-bioeconomy kungenxa kakhulu yokwehla komkhakha wezolimo, okubangelwa ukwanda kokwenziwa ngcono, ukuzenzekela kanye nokufakwa kwedijithali komkhakha. Amanani emisebenzi kwezinye izimboni ahlale eqinile noma ekhuphukile, njengemithi.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuba emisebenzi ezimbonini ezisekelwe ku-bio kubonise ukwehla okuncane kakhulu phakathi kuka-2008 no-2018. Amathuba emisebenzi ehle esuka ku-3.7 million ngo-2008 yaya cishe ku-3.5 million ngo-2018, kanti imboni yezindwangu ilahlekelwe kakhulu yimisebenzi ecishe ibe ngu-250,000 phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Kwezinye izimboni, njengezemithi, amathuba emisebenzi ayanda. Ngo-2008, kwaqashwa abantu abangu-214,000, futhi manje lelo nani selikhuphuke laya ku-327,000.

4. Umehluko emisebenzini emazweni e-EU

Idatha yezomnotho esekelwe ku-EU ikhombisa ukuthi kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwamalungu maqondana nomsebenzi kanye nomphumela.

Amazwe aseMpumalanga Yurophu naseMpumalanga njengePoland, iRomania neBulgaria, ngokwesibonelo, abusa imikhakha enenani eliphansi lomnotho osekelwe ezintweni eziphilayo, okudala imisebenzi eminingi. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi imboni yezolimo ivame ukuba nezisebenzi eziningi uma iqhathaniswa nemikhakha enenani eliphezulu.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, amazwe aseNtshonalanga naseNordic anezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokushintshana kwemisebenzi uma kuqhathaniswa, okubonisa ukuthi kunengxenye enkulu yezimboni ezinenani elingeziwe njengokuhlanza uwoyela.

Amazwe anenani eliphezulu kakhulu labasebenzi yiFinland, iBelgium kanye neSweden.

5. Umbono
Ngo-2050, iYurophu izoba nochungechunge lwezimboni olusekelwe ku-bio oluzinzile noluncintisanayo ukuze kukhuthazwe imisebenzi, ukukhula komnotho kanye nokwakhiwa komphakathi osebenzisa kabusha i-bio.
Emphakathini onjalo ojikelezayo, abathengi abanolwazi bazokhetha izindlela zokuphila ezizinzile futhi basekele umnotho ohlanganisa ukukhula komnotho nenhlalakahle yomphakathi kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.